@prefix owl: . @prefix xsd: . @prefix rdfs: . @prefix rdf: . @prefix skos: . @prefix dcterms: . @prefix bibo: . @prefix vann: . @prefix prov: . @prefix cc: . @prefix schema: . @prefix arch: . @prefix togaf: . @prefix : . ################################################################# # Ontology Declaration ################################################################# rdf:type owl:Ontology ; owl:imports ; cc:license "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" ; vann:preferredNamespaceUri "https://meta.linked.archi/togaf9/onto#" ; vann:preferredNamespacePrefix "togaf9" ; dcterms:creator "Kalin Maldzhanski"^^xsd:string ; dcterms:title "Linked.Archi TOGAF 9.2 Content Metamodel"@en ; dcterms:description '''Linked.Archi ontology aligned to the TOGAF Content Metamodel as defined in TOGAF 9.2 (Chapter 30). Models the entity types and relationships of the Content Metamodel as OWL classes and properties, conforming to Linked.Archi core ontology conventions. This is not an official Open Group document.'''@en ; dcterms:abstract '''OWL representation of the TOGAF Content Metamodel entity types and relationships. Entity classes are organized into a domain-based hierarchy following the TOGAF Content Framework structure: Motivation (Principles/Vision/Requirements), Business Architecture, Data Architecture, Application Architecture, Technology Architecture, and Implementation & Migration. Relationship properties follow the Linked.Archi convention using arch:domainIncludes / arch:rangeIncludes.'''@en ; dcterms:created "2019-03-17"^^xsd:date ; dcterms:issued "2019-03-17"^^xsd:date ; dcterms:modified "2026-04-29"^^xsd:date ; dcterms:publisher "Linked.Archi"@en, ; bibo:status "draft" ; dcterms:source ; prov:wasDerivedFrom ; owl:versionIRI ; owl:versionInfo "9.2"@en ; schema:citation "Linked.Archi TOGAF 9.2 Content Metamodel" ; . ################################################################# # Abstract Domain Hierarchy ################################################################# :MotivationElement a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf arch:Element ; skos:prefLabel "MotivationElement"@en ; skos:definition '''Abstract superclass for architecture principles, vision, requirements, and related governance elements. Corresponds to the "Architecture Principles, Vision, and Requirements" area of the TOGAF Content Framework.'''@en ; skos:scopeNote '''Superclass for elements that capture the surrounding context of formal architecture models: principles, strategic context, requirements, constraints, assumptions, and gaps. SHACL shapes use this class to enforce that governance relationships originate from motivation elements.'''@en ; . :BusinessArchitectureElement a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf arch:Element ; skos:prefLabel "BusinessArchitectureElement"@en ; skos:definition '''Abstract superclass for business architecture entities. Corresponds to the "Business Architecture" area of the TOGAF Content Framework — entities that capture organizational structure, business functions, processes, services, and products.'''@en ; skos:scopeNote '''Superclass for entities modeling how the enterprise is organizationally structured and what functional capabilities it has. Business architecture elements are supported by application architecture elements.'''@en ; . :DataArchitectureElement a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf arch:Element ; skos:prefLabel "DataArchitectureElement"@en ; skos:definition '''Abstract superclass for data architecture entities. Corresponds to the "Information Systems Architecture — Data" area of the TOGAF Content Framework.'''@en ; skos:scopeNote '''Superclass for entities modeling data concepts: data entities and their logical/physical encapsulations. Data architecture elements are accessed by business processes and hosted in application components.'''@en ; . :ApplicationArchitectureElement a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf arch:Element ; skos:prefLabel "ApplicationArchitectureElement"@en ; skos:definition '''Abstract superclass for application architecture entities. Corresponds to the "Information Systems Architecture — Application" area of the TOGAF Content Framework.'''@en ; skos:scopeNote '''Superclass for entities modeling application components, services, and interfaces. Application architecture elements realize business services and are deployed onto technology components.'''@en ; . :TechnologyArchitectureElement a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf arch:Element ; skos:prefLabel "TechnologyArchitectureElement"@en ; skos:definition '''Abstract superclass for technology architecture entities. Corresponds to the "Technology Architecture" area of the TOGAF Content Framework.'''@en ; skos:scopeNote '''Superclass for entities modeling procured technology assets used to implement and realize information system solutions. Technology architecture elements host application components.'''@en ; . :ImplementationElement a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf arch:Element ; skos:prefLabel "ImplementationElement"@en ; skos:definition '''Abstract superclass for implementation and migration entities. Corresponds to the "Architecture Realization" area of the TOGAF Content Framework — entities that capture change roadmaps and transition states.'''@en ; skos:scopeNote '''Superclass for entities modeling work packages, deliverables, plateaus, and capabilities that define the transition from baseline to target architecture.'''@en ; . ################################################################# # Motivation (Principles, Vision & Requirements) ################################################################# :Principle a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :MotivationElement ; skos:prefLabel "Principle"@en ; skos:definition '''A qualitative statement of intent that should be met by the architecture. Principles define the underlying general rules and guidelines for the use and deployment of all IT resources and assets across the enterprise.'''@en ; . :Vision a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :MotivationElement ; skos:prefLabel "Vision"@en ; skos:definition '''A high-level, aspirational view of the target architecture that outlines the strategic direction and key objectives of the architecture engagement.'''@en ; . :Requirement a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :MotivationElement ; skos:prefLabel "Requirement"@en ; skos:definition '''A quantitative statement of business need that must be met by a particular architecture or work package. Requirements may be functional, non-functional, or architectural in nature.'''@en ; . :Constraint a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :MotivationElement ; skos:prefLabel "Constraint"@en ; skos:definition '''An external factor that prevents an organization from pursuing particular approaches to meet its goals. Constraints narrow the solution space and must be accommodated by the architecture.'''@en ; . :Assumption a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :MotivationElement ; skos:prefLabel "Assumption"@en ; skos:definition '''A statement of belief about the future state of the environment or enterprise that is taken as true for the purposes of architecture development. Assumptions carry risk and should be validated.'''@en ; . :Gap a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :MotivationElement ; skos:prefLabel "Gap"@en ; skos:definition '''A statement of difference between two states — typically the baseline and target architectures. Gaps are identified through gap analysis and drive the definition of work packages.'''@en ; . :Driver a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :MotivationElement ; skos:prefLabel "Driver"@en ; skos:definition '''An external or internal condition that motivates the organization to define its goals and implement changes. Drivers create the context for architecture work.'''@en ; . :Goal a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :MotivationElement ; skos:prefLabel "Goal"@en ; skos:definition '''A high-level statement of intent or direction for the organization. Goals are typically qualitative and long-term, providing the context for objectives and measures.'''@en ; . :Objective a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :MotivationElement ; skos:prefLabel "Objective"@en ; skos:definition '''A time-bounded, measurable target that supports the achievement of a goal. Objectives are typically quantitative and have defined success criteria.'''@en ; . :Measure a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :MotivationElement ; skos:prefLabel "Measure"@en ; skos:definition '''An indicator or factor that can be tracked, usually on an ongoing basis, to determine success or alignment with objectives. Measures are associated with goals and objectives.'''@en ; . ################################################################# # Business Architecture Entities ################################################################# :Organization a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :BusinessArchitectureElement ; skos:prefLabel "Organization"@en ; skos:definition '''A self-contained unit of resources with goals, objectives, and measures. Organizations may be decomposed into sub-organizations and may participate in business functions and services.'''@en ; rdfs:seeAlso ; . :Actor a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :BusinessArchitectureElement ; skos:prefLabel "Actor"@en ; skos:definition '''A person, organization, or system that has behavior — such as performing business functions, using application services, or consuming technology services. An actor may be assigned to one or more roles.'''@en ; . :Role a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :BusinessArchitectureElement ; skos:prefLabel "Role"@en ; skos:definition '''An actor assumes a role to perform a task. Roles are used to distinguish the different responsibilities and authorities that actors may have within the organization.'''@en ; . :BusinessService a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :BusinessArchitectureElement ; skos:prefLabel "Business Service"@en ; skos:definition '''An externally visible unit of business functionality that is meaningful to the consumer and supports business capabilities. Business services are supported by business processes and may be consumed by actors or other organizations.'''@en ; . :BusinessFunction a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :BusinessArchitectureElement ; skos:prefLabel "Business Function"@en ; skos:definition '''A unit of internal business capability that delivers business value. Business functions are typically aligned to an organization but may span multiple organizational units.'''@en ; . :BusinessProcess a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :BusinessArchitectureElement ; skos:prefLabel "Business Process"@en ; skos:definition '''A sequence of activities that produces a defined outcome. Business processes may decompose into sub-processes and are orchestrated by business events.'''@en ; . :BusinessEvent a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :BusinessArchitectureElement ; skos:prefLabel "Business Event"@en ; skos:definition '''An organizational state change that triggers or constrains business processes. Events may be external (market change) or internal (threshold reached).'''@en ; . :Product a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :BusinessArchitectureElement ; skos:prefLabel "Product"@en ; skos:definition '''A coherent collection of services, accompanied by a contract or set of agreements, that is offered as a whole to a (type of) consumer. A product bundles business services and technology services.'''@en ; . :Contract a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :BusinessArchitectureElement ; skos:prefLabel "Contract"@en ; skos:definition '''An agreement between a service provider and a consumer that specifies the terms, conditions, and service levels under which a service is delivered.'''@en ; . :Location a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :BusinessArchitectureElement ; skos:prefLabel "Location"@en ; skos:definition '''A place where business activity takes place and can be hierarchically decomposed. Locations are used to describe the geographical distribution of business and technology elements.'''@en ; . ################################################################# # Data Architecture Entities ################################################################# :DataEntity a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :DataArchitectureElement ; skos:prefLabel "Data Entity"@en ; skos:definition '''An encapsulation of data that is recognized by a business domain expert as a discrete concept. Data entities can be bound to any number of logical and physical data components.'''@en ; . :LogicalDataComponent a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :DataArchitectureElement ; skos:prefLabel "Logical Data Component"@en ; skos:definition '''A boundary zone that encapsulates related data entities to form a logical location to be held. Logical data components are technology- and implementation-independent.'''@en ; . :PhysicalDataComponent a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :DataArchitectureElement ; skos:prefLabel "Physical Data Component"@en ; skos:definition '''A boundary zone that encapsulates related data entities to form a physical location to be held. Physical data components are bound to specific technology and implementation choices.'''@en ; . ################################################################# # Application Architecture Entities ################################################################# :LogicalApplicationComponent a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ApplicationArchitectureElement ; skos:prefLabel "Logical Application Component"@en ; skos:definition '''An encapsulation of application functionality that is independent of a particular implementation. Logical application components are used to describe the required application capabilities.'''@en ; . :PhysicalApplicationComponent a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ApplicationArchitectureElement ; skos:prefLabel "Physical Application Component"@en ; skos:definition '''An application, application module, application service, or other deployable component of functionality. Physical application components realize logical application components.'''@en ; . :InformationSystemService a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ApplicationArchitectureElement ; skos:prefLabel "Information System Service"@en ; skos:altLabel "Application Service"@en ; skos:definition '''An externally visible unit of application functionality provided by one or more application components. Also known as Application Service in some TOGAF references.'''@en ; . :ApplicationInterface a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ApplicationArchitectureElement ; skos:prefLabel "Application Interface"@en ; skos:definition '''A point of access where application services are made available to a user, another application component, or a business process. Defines the boundary and protocol for interaction.'''@en ; . ################################################################# # Technology Architecture Entities ################################################################# :LogicalTechnologyComponent a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :TechnologyArchitectureElement ; skos:prefLabel "Logical Technology Component"@en ; skos:definition '''An encapsulation of technology infrastructure that is independent of a particular product or vendor. Represents a category of technology required to support the application architecture.'''@en ; . :PhysicalTechnologyComponent a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :TechnologyArchitectureElement ; skos:prefLabel "Physical Technology Component"@en ; skos:definition '''A specific technology infrastructure product or component used to implement part of the technology architecture. Physical technology components realize logical technology components.'''@en ; . :TechnologyService a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :TechnologyArchitectureElement ; skos:prefLabel "Technology Service"@en ; skos:altLabel "Platform Service"@en ; skos:definition '''An externally visible unit of technology functionality provided by one or more technology components. Technology services support application components and information system services.'''@en ; . :TechnologyInterface a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :TechnologyArchitectureElement ; skos:prefLabel "Technology Interface"@en ; skos:definition '''A point of access where technology services are made available. Defines the boundary, protocol, and format for interaction with technology components.'''@en ; . :Platform a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :TechnologyArchitectureElement ; skos:prefLabel "Platform"@en ; skos:definition '''A combination of technology infrastructure and software that provides the environment in which application components are deployed and executed.'''@en ; . ################################################################# # Implementation and Migration Entities ################################################################# :WorkPackage a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ImplementationElement ; skos:prefLabel "Work Package"@en ; skos:definition '''A set of actions identified to achieve one or more objectives for the business. A work package can be a part of a project, a complete project, or a program.'''@en ; . :Deliverable a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ImplementationElement ; skos:prefLabel "Deliverable"@en ; skos:definition '''An architecturally significant work product that is contractually specified and delivered as part of a work package. Deliverables may be documentation, models, or other artifacts.'''@en ; . :Plateau a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ImplementationElement ; skos:prefLabel "Plateau"@en ; skos:definition '''A relatively stable state of the architecture that exists for a defined period of time. Plateaus represent intermediate target architectures on the migration roadmap between baseline and target states.'''@en ; . :Capability a owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ImplementationElement ; skos:prefLabel "Capability"@en ; skos:definition '''An ability that an organization, person, or system possesses. Capabilities are typically expressed in general and high-level terms and require a combination of organization, people, processes, and technology to achieve.'''@en ; rdfs:seeAlso , ; . ################################################################# # Relationships (owl:ObjectProperty) ################################################################# :supports a owl:ObjectProperty ; skos:prefLabel "supports"@en ; skos:definition '''Indicates that one element provides support for another — for example, a business function supports a business service, or a technology service supports an application component.'''@en ; arch:domainIncludes arch:Element ; arch:rangeIncludes arch:Element ; . :realizes a owl:ObjectProperty ; skos:prefLabel "realizes"@en ; skos:definition '''Indicates that a physical component or implementation element realizes a logical or abstract element — for example, a physical application component realizes a logical application component.'''@en ; arch:domainIncludes arch:Element ; arch:rangeIncludes arch:Element ; . :governs a owl:ObjectProperty ; skos:prefLabel "governs"@en ; skos:definition '''Indicates that a principle, constraint, or requirement governs the design or behavior of an architecture element.'''@en ; arch:domainIncludes :MotivationElement ; arch:rangeIncludes arch:Element ; . :usedBy a owl:ObjectProperty ; skos:prefLabel "used by"@en ; skos:definition '''Indicates that an element is used by another element — for example, a data entity is used by a business process, or a technology service is used by an application component.'''@en ; arch:domainIncludes arch:Element ; arch:rangeIncludes arch:Element ; . :accesses a owl:ObjectProperty ; skos:prefLabel "accesses"@en ; skos:definition '''Indicates that a process, function, or service accesses a data entity or data component — for reading, writing, or both.'''@en ; arch:domainIncludes :BusinessArchitectureElement ; arch:rangeIncludes :DataArchitectureElement ; . :communicatesWith a owl:ObjectProperty ; skos:prefLabel "communicates with"@en ; skos:definition '''Indicates a communication or data exchange relationship between two elements — typically between application components or technology components.'''@en ; arch:domainIncludes :ApplicationArchitectureElement ; arch:rangeIncludes :ApplicationArchitectureElement ; . :decomposesInto a owl:ObjectProperty ; skos:prefLabel "decomposes into"@en ; skos:definition '''Indicates that an element is decomposed into finer-grained elements of the same or related type — for example, a business function decomposes into sub-functions.'''@en ; arch:domainIncludes arch:Element ; arch:rangeIncludes arch:Element ; . :dependsOn a owl:ObjectProperty ; skos:prefLabel "depends on"@en ; skos:definition '''Indicates that one element depends on another for its correct functioning or delivery — for example, a work package depends on another work package.'''@en ; arch:domainIncludes arch:Element ; arch:rangeIncludes arch:Element ; . :tracks a owl:ObjectProperty ; skos:prefLabel "tracks"@en ; skos:definition '''Indicates that a measure or objective tracks the progress or achievement of a goal, capability, or other target element.'''@en ; arch:domainIncludes :MotivationElement ; arch:rangeIncludes arch:Element ; . :migratesFrom a owl:ObjectProperty ; skos:prefLabel "migrates from"@en ; skos:definition '''Indicates the source plateau or baseline state from which a migration path originates. Used in transition architecture planning.'''@en ; arch:domainIncludes arch:Element ; arch:rangeIncludes :Plateau ; . :migratesTo a owl:ObjectProperty ; skos:prefLabel "migrates to"@en ; skos:definition '''Indicates the target plateau or state to which a migration path leads. Used in transition architecture planning.'''@en ; arch:domainIncludes arch:Element ; arch:rangeIncludes :Plateau ; . :contains a owl:ObjectProperty ; skos:prefLabel "contains"@en ; skos:definition '''Indicates a containment relationship where one element wholly contains another — for example, a location contains organizations, or a plateau contains architecture elements.'''@en ; arch:domainIncludes arch:Element ; arch:rangeIncludes arch:Element ; . :isRealizedThrough a owl:ObjectProperty ; skos:prefLabel "is realized through"@en ; skos:definition '''Indicates that an abstract or logical element is realized through a physical or implementation element — the inverse perspective of the realizes relationship.'''@en ; arch:domainIncludes arch:Element ; arch:rangeIncludes arch:Element ; .