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Linked.Archi TIME Framework Ontology

Release: 2020-07-27

Modified on: 2026-05-02
This version:
https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto/0.1.1#
Revision:
0.1.1
Issued on:
2026-01-12
Authors:
Kalin Maldzhanski
Publisher:
Linked.Archi
See also:
https://www.leanix.net/en/wiki/apm/gartner-time-model
License:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Visualization:
Visualize with WebVowl
Cite as:
Kalin Maldzhanski. Linked.Archi TIME Framework Ontology. Revision: 0.1.1. Retrieved from: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto/0.1.1#
Provenance of this page
draft

Abstract

Application portfolio assessment ontology based on the Gartner TIME model.

Linked.Archi TIME Framework Ontology: Overview back to ToC

This ontology has the following classes and properties.

Classes

Object Properties

Data Properties

Named Individuals

Linked.Archi TIME Framework Ontology: Description back to ToC

Ontology for representing application portfolio fit assessments and Gartner TIME dispositions (Tolerate, Invest, Migrate, Eliminate), including functional fit, technical fit, and cost fitness dimensions. Provides classes for applications, fit assessments, criteria scoring, evidence tracking, and OWL enumeration types with automatic quadrant classification. This is the OWL layer of the TIME framework. Use together with: * time-shapes.ttl (SHACL) — validates completeness and value constraints * time-tax.ttl (SKOS) — organizes controlled vocabularies for navigation

Cross-reference for Linked.Archi TIME Framework Ontology classes, object properties and data properties back to ToC

This section provides details for each class and property defined by Linked.Archi TIME Framework Ontology.

Classes

Applicationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#Application

An application in the application portfolio being assessed with the TIME framework.
has super-classes
software application c
is in domain of
IT owner op, business owner op, has fit assessment op, lifecycle state op, supports capability op, uses technology component op
is in range of
assessed application op

Assessment statusc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#AssessmentStatus

is equivalent to
{ Approved , Draft , Rejected , Superseded }
is in range of
assessment status op
has members
Approved ni, Draft ni, Rejected ni, Superseded ni

Business capabilityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#BusinessCapability

A business capability supported by one or more applications. Modeled as a SKOS concept for flexible capability taxonomies.
has super-classes
concept c
is in range of
supports capability op

Eliminate assessmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#EliminateAssessment

A fit assessment where both functional and technical fit are LOW.
is equivalent to
Fit assessment c and (functional fit rating op value Low) and (technical fit rating op value Low)
has super-classes
Fit assessment c

Evidencec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#Evidence

Evidence supporting a fit assessment decision (e.g., security assessment report, vendor roadmap notice, operations metrics dashboard).
has super-classes
entity c
is in domain of
evidence type op, reference URI dp, source system dp
is in range of
has evidence op

Evidence typec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#EvidenceType

is equivalent to
{ Architecture review , Business stakeholder input , Cost analysis , Operations metrics , Other , Security assessment , Technical debt register , Vendor roadmap }
is in range of
evidence type op
has members
Architecture review ni, Business stakeholder input ni, Cost analysis ni, Operations metrics ni, Other ni, Security assessment ni, Technical debt register ni, Vendor roadmap ni

Fit assessmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#FitAssessment

A point-in-time assessment of an application's functional fit and technical fit resulting in a TIME disposition. Some organizations also capture cost fitness as a third supporting dimension.
has super-classes
entity c
has sub-classes
Eliminate assessment c, Invest assessment c, Migrate assessment c, Tolerate assessment c
is in domain of
TIME disposition op, assessed application op, assessment date dp, assessment status op, assessor op, cost fit rating op, cost fit score dp, functional fit rating op, functional fit score dp, has criterion score op, has evidence op, rationale dp, technical fit rating op, technical fit score dp, uses assessment model op, valid until dp
is in range of
has fit assessment op

Fit criterionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#FitCriterion

A criterion used to evaluate functional or technical fit (e.g., capability coverage, maintainability, security posture).
is in domain of
criterion weight dp, dimension op
is in range of
criterion op

Fit criterion scorec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#FitCriterionScore

A scored evaluation of one FitCriterion within a FitAssessment.
is in domain of
criterion op, criterion justification dp, criterion score dp
is in range of
has criterion score op

Fit dimensionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#FitDimension

is equivalent to
{ Cost , Functional , Technical }
is in range of
dimension op
has members
Cost ni, Functional ni, Technical ni

Fit ratingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#FitRating

Abstract rating for functional/technical fit (HIGH or LOW), typically derived from a scoring model threshold.
is equivalent to
{ High , Low }
is in range of
cost fit rating op, functional fit rating op, technical fit rating op
has members
High ni, Low ni

Invest assessmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#InvestAssessment

A fit assessment where both functional and technical fit are HIGH.
is equivalent to
Fit assessment c and (functional fit rating op value High) and (technical fit rating op value High)
has super-classes
Fit assessment c

Lifecycle statec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#LifecycleState

is equivalent to
{ Build , Plan , Retire , Run }
is in range of
lifecycle state op
has members
Build ni, Plan ni, Retire ni, Run ni

Migrate assessmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#MigrateAssessment

A fit assessment where functional fit is HIGH and technical fit is LOW.
is equivalent to
Fit assessment c and (functional fit rating op value High) and (technical fit rating op value Low)
has super-classes
Fit assessment c

Personc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#Person

A person (assessor, business owner, IT owner, etc.).
has super-classes
person c
is in domain of
email dp
is in range of
IT owner op, assessor op, business owner op

Technology componentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#TechnologyComponent

A technology component (platform, runtime, database, service, infrastructure, etc.) used by an application.
is in range of
uses technology component op

TIME assessment modelc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#TimeAssessmentModel

A scoring model describing scale and threshold used to derive HIGH/LOW fit ratings from numeric scores (e.g., 1..5 and HIGH if >=4).
is in domain of
high threshold dp, scale maximum dp, scale minimum dp
is in range of
uses assessment model op

TIME dispositionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#TimeDisposition

Disposition in the Gartner TIME framework: Tolerate, Invest, Migrate, Eliminate.
is equivalent to
{ Eliminate , Invest , Migrate , Tolerate }
is in range of
TIME disposition op
has members
Eliminate ni, Invest ni, Migrate ni, Tolerate ni

Tolerate assessmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#TolerateAssessment

A fit assessment where functional fit is LOW and technical fit is HIGH.
is equivalent to
Fit assessment c and (functional fit rating op value Low) and (technical fit rating op value High)
has super-classes
Fit assessment c

Object Properties

assessed applicationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#assessedApplication

Relates a fit assessment to the (single) application it assesses.

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Fit assessment c
has range
Application c
is inverse of
has fit assessment op

assessment statusop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#assessmentStatus

Governance status of the fit assessment.

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Fit assessment c
has range
Assessment status c

assessorop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#assessor

Person who performed or recorded the assessment.
has domain
Fit assessment c
has range
Person c

business ownerop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#businessOwner

Relates an application to its accountable business owner.
has domain
Application c
has range
Person c

cost fit ratingop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#costFitRating

HIGH/LOW abstraction of cost fitness (often derived from the costFitScore and assessment model threshold).

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Fit assessment c
has range
Fit rating c

criterionop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#criterion

Relates a criterion score to the criterion being scored.

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Fit criterion score c
has range
Fit criterion c

dimensionop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#dimension

Associates a fit criterion with the fit dimension it contributes to (FUNCTIONAL or TECHNICAL).

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Fit criterion c
has range
Fit dimension c

evidence typeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#evidenceType

Classifies a piece of evidence by type.

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Evidence c
has range
Evidence type c

functional fit ratingop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#functionalFitRating

HIGH/LOW abstraction of functional fit (often derived from the functionalFitScore and assessment model threshold).

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Fit assessment c
has range
Fit rating c

has criterion scoreop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#hasCriterionScore

Relates a fit assessment to one or more criterion-level scores.
has domain
Fit assessment c
has range
Fit criterion score c

has evidenceop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#hasEvidence

Relates a fit assessment to supporting evidence items.
has domain
Fit assessment c
has range
Evidence c

has fit assessmentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#hasFitAssessment

Relates an application to one or more fit assessments over time.
has domain
Application c
has range
Fit assessment c
is inverse of
assessed application op

IT ownerop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#itOwner

Relates an application to its accountable IT owner.
has domain
Application c
has range
Person c

lifecycle stateop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#lifecycleState

Lifecycle state of the application (optional).

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Application c
has range
Lifecycle state c

supports capabilityop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#supportsCapability

Relates an application to a business capability that it supports.
has domain
Application c
has range
Business capability c

technical fit ratingop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#technicalFitRating

HIGH/LOW abstraction of technical fit (often derived from the technicalFitScore and assessment model threshold).

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Fit assessment c
has range
Fit rating c

TIME dispositionop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#timeDisposition

TIME classification outcome for the fit assessment.

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Fit assessment c
has range
TIME disposition c

uses assessment modelop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#usesAssessmentModel

Relates a fit assessment to the scoring model used to interpret its scores.
has domain
Fit assessment c
has range
TIME assessment model c

uses technology componentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#usesTechnologyComponent

Relates an application to a technology component it depends on or uses.
has domain
Application c
has range
Technology component c

Data Properties

assessment datedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#assessmentDate

Date when the assessment was performed.

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Fit assessment c
has range
date

cost fit scoredp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#costFitScore

Numeric cost fitness score (typically 1..5). Some Gartner guidance describes cost fitness as a dimension alongside business and technical fitness when determining a TIME disposition; interpretation depends on the assessment model.

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Fit assessment c
has range
integer

criterion justificationdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#criterionJustification

Justification for the criterion-level score.
has domain
Fit criterion score c
has range
string

criterion scoredp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#criterionScoreValue

Numeric score assigned to a criterion (typically 1..5).

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Fit criterion score c
has range
integer

criterion weightdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#criterionWeight

Optional weighting factor used in aggregating criterion scores.

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Fit criterion c
has range
decimal

emaildp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#email

Email address for a person.

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Person c
has range
string

functional fit scoredp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#functionalFitScore

Numeric functional fit score (typically 1..5). Interpretation depends on the assessment model.

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Fit assessment c
has range
integer

high thresholddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#highThreshold

Threshold at or above which a score is considered HIGH (e.g., 4).

has characteristics: functional

has domain
TIME assessment model c
has range
integer

rationaledp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#rationale

Narrative justification for fit scores and TIME disposition.
has domain
Fit assessment c
has range
string

reference URIdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#referenceURI

A link to an evidence source (document, ticket, dashboard, repository, etc.).

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Evidence c
has range
anyURI

scale maximumdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#scaleMax

Maximum score on the assessment model scale (e.g., 5).

has characteristics: functional

has domain
TIME assessment model c
has range
integer

scale minimumdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#scaleMin

Minimum score on the assessment model scale (e.g., 1).

has characteristics: functional

has domain
TIME assessment model c
has range
integer

source systemdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#sourceSystem

System of record for the evidence (e.g., LeanIX, Jira, ServiceNow).

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Evidence c
has range
string

technical fit scoredp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#technicalFitScore

Numeric technical fit score (typically 1..5). Interpretation depends on the assessment model.

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Fit assessment c
has range
integer

valid untildp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#validUntil

Optional review-by or expiry date for the assessment.

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Fit assessment c
has range
date

Named Individuals

Approvedni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#Approved

belongs to
concept c
Assessment status c

Architecture reviewni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#ArchitectureReview

belongs to
concept c
Evidence type c

Buildni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#Build

belongs to
concept c
Lifecycle state c

Business stakeholder inputni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#BusinessStakeholderInput

belongs to
concept c
Evidence type c

Costni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#Cost

Relative cost of maintaining the application (cost fitness), often considered alongside business and technical fitness when segmenting enterprise applications.
belongs to
concept c
Fit dimension c

Cost analysisni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#CostAnalysis

belongs to
concept c
Evidence type c

Draftni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#Draft

belongs to
concept c
Assessment status c

Eliminateni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#Eliminate

Low functional fit and low technical fit; retire/decommission.
belongs to
concept c
TIME disposition c

Functionalni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#Functional

How well the application supports business needs/capabilities.
belongs to
concept c
Fit dimension c

Highni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#High

belongs to
concept c
Fit rating c

Investni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#Invest

Strategic and healthy; continue investing and enhancing.
belongs to
concept c
TIME disposition c

Lowni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#Low

belongs to
concept c
Fit rating c

Migrateni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#Migrate

Important to business but technically weak; modernize, replace, or replatform.
belongs to
concept c
TIME disposition c

Operations metricsni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#OperationsMetrics

belongs to
concept c
Evidence type c

Otherni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#OtherEvidence

belongs to
concept c
Evidence type c

Planni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#Plan

belongs to
concept c
Lifecycle state c

Rejectedni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#Rejected

belongs to
concept c
Assessment status c

Retireni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#Retire

belongs to
concept c
Lifecycle state c

Runni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#Run

belongs to
concept c
Lifecycle state c

Security assessmentni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#SecurityAssessment

belongs to
concept c
Evidence type c

Supersededni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#Superseded

belongs to
concept c
Assessment status c

Technicalni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#Technical

Technical quality/maintainability/compatibility/operability posture.
belongs to
concept c
Fit dimension c

Technical debt registerni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#TechnicalDebtRegister

belongs to
concept c
Evidence type c

Tolerateni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#Tolerate

Keep as-is; technically acceptable but low functional fit / limited strategic value.
belongs to
concept c
TIME disposition c

Vendor roadmapni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: https://meta.linked.archi/time-framework/onto#VendorRoadmap

belongs to
concept c
Evidence type c

Legend back to ToC

c: Classes
op: Object Properties
dp: Data Properties
ni: Named Individuals

Acknowledgments back to ToC

The authors would like to thank Silvio Peroni for developing LODE, a Live OWL Documentation Environment, which is used for representing the Cross Referencing Section of this document and Daniel Garijo for developing Widoco, the program used to create the template used in this documentation.